The model explains the mechanism of the formation of a bonding orbital during the formation of a covalent bond between two atoms.

On the graph, depending on the distance, you can observe the solution to the one-electron Schrödinger equation. Namely, the wave functions of the first two energy states. When atoms approach each other, one of the solutions corresponds to a bonding molecular orbital, and the second to an antibonding one. The electrons in the bonding orbital form a negatively charged cloud, which attracting protons, creates a strong covalent bond between atoms.

Change the distance using the slider.